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Blockchain basic technology - block data

Time : 19/08/2021 Author : xy76vf Click : + -
        Blockchain basic technology &mdash& mdash; Blockdata blockchain basic technology &mdash& mdash; Blockdata pagepage4 blockchain basic technology &mdash& mdash; Block data what is block data? Data storage is mainly based on Merkle tree, which is realized through block and chain structure. Most of them are persistent in the form of kV database, such as leveldb adopted by bitcoin and Ethereum. Implementation and security of accounts and transactions this function is based on a variety of cryptographic algorithms and technologies such as digital signature, hash function and asymmetric encryption technology, which ensures that transactions can be carried out safely in the case of decentralization.
 
        Block data is mainly used to save transaction data. Different systems adopt different structures. The block structure of bitcoin is introduced as an example below. The transaction records of bitcoin will be saved in data blocks, and a block will be generated in the bitcoin system about every 10 minutes. Each data block generally includes two parts: header and body, as shown in Figure 2-1. The data structure members of blockchain are scattered and stored in the underlying database. The final storage form is [k, v] key value pairs. The [k, v] underlying database used is leveldb; The collective form of data related to trading operations is block; If linked in blocks, a blockchain with a larger granularity will be formed.
 
        ? Interpretation of concepts related to block data? Block /block block block is a data packet that carries transaction data on the blockchain network. It is a data structure marked with a timestamp and the hash value of the previous block. The block is verified and confirmed by the consensus mechanism of the network. Parent block /parentblock parent block refers to the previous block of a block. The blockchain sorts in time by recording the block and the hash value of the parent block in the block header. Block header /blockheader records the meta information of the current block, including the current version number, hash value of the previous block, timestamp, random number, hash value of merkleroot and other data.
 
        In addition, the data record of the block body generates a unique merkleroot record in the block header through the hash process of merkletree. Block body /blockbody records the detailed data generated within a certain period of time, including all transaction records or other information generated during the creation of the current block, which can be understood as a form of account book. Hash value / hash value /hashvalues/hashcodes/hashsums/hashes hash value is usually represented by a short string of random letters and numbers, which is a set of "data fingerprints" obtained by hashing algorithm with input information of any length.
 
        Because the machine code at the bottom of the computer adopts the binary mode, the binary value of any length obtained by the hash algorithm is mapped to a shorter fixed length binary value, that is, the hash value. In addition, the hash value is a unique and extremely compact numerical representation of a piece of data. If the hash value is obtained by hashing a piece of plaintext, even if only changing any letter in the plaintext, the subsequent hash value will be different. Timestamp / timestamp timestamp timestamp exists in the block from the moment the block is generated. It is a character sequence used to identify the transaction time. It is unique. Timestamp is used to record and indicate the existing, complete and verifiable data. It is the confirmation of each transaction record.
 
        Random number / one-time random number /nonce nonce refers to "random number used only once". In mining, it is an automatically generated and meaningless random number used to mine cryptocurrency. After being used once to solve the problem of mathematical problems, if the problem cannot be solved, the random number will be rejected, and a new nonce will also be tested and until the problem is solved, When the problem is solved, miners will be rewarded with cryptocurrency. In the block structure, nonce is a random number designed based on workload proof, and its calculation time is increased or reduced through difficulty adjustment; In information security, nonce is a number that can only be used once in encrypted communication; In the authentication protocol, nonce is a random or pseudo-random number to avoid replay attacks.
 
        Merkletree / merkletree merkletree (also known as hash tree) is a binary tree, which is an efficient and secure method of organizing data. It is used to quickly query and verify whether a specific transaction exists. It is composed of a root node, a group of intermediate nodes and a group of leaf nodes. It uses a hash algorithm to convert a large amount of written information into a string of independent letters or numbers. The lowest leaf node contains the stored data or its hash value. Each intermediate node is the hash value of its two child nodes, and the root node is also composed of the hash value of its two child nodes. Block capacity /blocksize each block of the blockchain is used to carry data in a certain period of time. Each block is connected in series by using cryptography technology through the sequence of time to form a complete distributed database. Block capacity represents the capacity of how much data a block can hold.
 
        Unspent transaction output / unspenttransactionoutput / utxounspent transaction output is a data structure containing transaction data and execution code, which can be understood as a list of cryptocurrencies received but not spent. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies use utxo in their blockchain technology to verify whether a person has unused cryptocurrencies for expenditure.
 
        
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